How Proof works

Proof gives agriculture a structured record of what happened.

Farms and advisers record what they know, add to it over time, and keep control of how it can be used. When enough relevant records exist, they can be brought together to support wider learning and analysis.

Inside a Proof Record

A Proof Record is built from a small number of parts. Select any of them to see what it can hold.

A record does not need every type of information to exist. It records what is available and can grow as more information is added.

As simple as today. As detailed as the evidence allows.

A Proof Record can be as simple as what is known today, and as detailed as the evidence allows.

PRF-26-004281 Winter wheat · 2026
CropObservationDecisionActionPhotographOutcomeRecord identityFarm & fieldSoilCropping historyWeather & environmentPlanned actionMachineryInput provenanceNutrientsCrop protectionComparisonMeasurement planHarvest & yieldEconomicsEnvironmentCompletenessProof verificationPermissionsPrivacy & redactionAudit trailAddendaRelated recordsComparable contextGroup participationPublic viewFunding & conflictsRecord summaryTaxonomy metadata

Six pieces of information. Enough to exist.

Completeness is not the entry requirement. Structure is.

How a record moves through Proof

One record, followed from the day it is created. The record on the left changes as you read.

PRF-26-004281Locked · 14 Aug 2027
CropWinter wheat · 2026
ContextWest Midlands · clay loam
ObservationThin establishment, north end
ActionDrilling · 24 Oct · machine log
WeatherMachine logPhotographSoil dataAgronomist note

Permissions

Adviser access Allowed
Group use Allowed
Programme use Allowed
Public redacted view Off
Derived, permitted

Anonymous group

Addendum · 18 September 2027

Yield monitor calibration information added. The original record stays as it was.

1

Create

A farm or authorised adviser starts a record with the information they have.

2

Add

More observations, actions, evidence and outcomes can be added as they happen.

3

Lock

A version can be locked so it cannot be silently changed.

4

Permit

The farm decides how the record can be used and for which purposes.

5

Compare

Where relevant permissions exist, records can be brought together for a defined question or analysis.

6

Preserve

The original history remains visible, with any later corrections or additions recorded as addenda.

Your record stays here. What you permitted can contribute over there.

What the farm controls

Creating a Proof Record does not give Proof or anyone else unrestricted access to it.

The farm decides:

  • Who can see the private record
  • Which named people or organisations can access it
  • Which programmes or purposes it can contribute to
  • Whether it can contribute to group comparisons
  • Whether a redacted public view can be published
  • Whether future permission for a particular use is withdrawn
  • What remains private even when the record contributes to wider evidence
PRF-26-004281Private

The private record. It stays here whatever is permitted around it.

How can this record be used?

Named adviserAllowed
Programme: UK Wheat EstablishmentAllowed
General group comparisonsAllowed
Public redacted viewNot allowed
Manufacturer access to private recordNot allowed
Previous authorised use remains in the audit history. New use stops.
Private by default.
Permission is purpose-specific.
The underlying record is not sold.
Permission changes are recorded.

Permissions and permitted use

Permission in Proof is not a blanket share-my-data switch. It defines what a record may be used for, by whom, and for what purpose.

PRF-26-004281Private Proof RecordStays private
Permission 01Agronomist accessFull authorised viewActive
Permission 02UK Wheat Establishment programmeGroup use onlyActive
Permission 03Public redacted viewNo public view existsNot permitted

Same Proof Record. Different permissions.

12 AugProgramme permission granted
18 SepNamed adviser added
03 DecFuture programme use withdrawn

The earlier history remains visible.

Permission does not mean:

  • anyone can access the private record
  • one permission applies to every future purpose
  • payment overrides the permission
  • a previously agreed purpose can quietly be expanded

A farm can stop future use for a permitted purpose. Previous authorised use remains part of the audit history.

Every use has a purpose. Every permission has a history.

How records become comparable

Every farm is different. Proof does not try to remove those differences.

When a question is asked, Proof identifies the parts of the record that matter to that question and finds records with enough relevant context to compare. That might include crop, soil, rotation, timing, weather, field practice, machinery or the way an outcome was measured.

A record that does not fit one comparison is not a bad record. It simply may not be relevant to that particular question. The comparison is built from the records that match the defined criteria, with the differences and limitations kept visible.

The questionHow did winter wheat drilled after 20 October perform on heavier soils?

7 records matched the comparison

Included because

  • Winter wheat
  • Drilled 21 Oct to 8 Nov
  • Comparable soil context
  • Comparable establishment practice
  • Compatible outcome measurement

Known differences

  • Variety
  • Rainfall
  • Previous crop
  • Farm management

Other records remain in Proof. They are not used for this question. Select any record above to see why it was included or left out.

How group evidence is produced

Once a relevant group has been formed, Proof brings the permitted data together without exposing the individual farm records.

The output shows what was recorded across the group, how many records were included, how they were selected, and the important differences and limitations within the data. Proof does not decide what the evidence means. It provides the group evidence so farmers, advisers, researchers and organisations can interpret it for the question they are asking.

The private records stay here

Group evidence

RecordDrillingSoil contextOutcome
A24 OctClay loam9.4 t/ha
B28 OctClay7.9 t/ha
C2 NovClay loam8.1 t/ha
and four more anonymous records

The permitted fields, brought together. A recipient receives the aggregate evidence below, not the rows.

This group used

  • 7 of 18 available records
  • Defined crop criteria
  • Defined drilling window
  • Comparable soil context
  • Compatible outcome measurements

Known differences

  • Variety
  • Rainfall
  • Previous crop
  • Management
The questionWhat happened when winter wheat was drilled after 20 October on heavier soils?
Evidence available7 comparable records
What was recordedA distribution of the relevant measurements, range 7.6 to 9.4 t/ha
Context3 seasons · 4 varieties · 2 previous-crop categories · rainfall varied across the group
LimitationsWhat varies, what is missing and what should be considered when interpreting the data

Where Proof draws the line

Proof can preserve a record without deciding whether the underlying observation, decision or outcome is true.

When records are used for a particular question, Proof checks the things it can verify: who submitted them, their authority, provenance, permissions, record history, and whether they meet the defined requirements for that comparison.

Proof does not certify that a product worked, that an agronomic decision was correct, or that one recorded event caused another. And if the permissions, privacy rules or requirements for a particular comparison are not met, Proof does not produce the group evidence.

What Proof verifies

  • Contributor identity
  • Authority
  • Provenance
  • Permissions
  • Version history
  • Record integrity
  • Comparison criteria

What Proof does not claim

  • “This product works”
  • “This adviser was correct”
  • “This treatment caused the outcome”
  • “This record is scientifically complete”

Where Proof stops

Comparison not produced

4 eligible records. Minimum privacy threshold: 5.

Or: outcome methods are not sufficiently comparable.

The records remain in Proof. They simply are not used for that purpose. Proof refuses the use, not the record.

Published records, addenda and removals

A published Proof Record is designed to remain part of the evidence history.

Once published, the original record is not silently edited. If something needs correcting or new information becomes available, it is added through an addendum. Sensitive information can be removed where necessary. In exceptional circumstances where there is a legal requirement to remove the published content, the Proof Record ID remains visible with an explanation of why the content was removed.

The history stays clear: what was published, what changed, when it changed, and why.

Original published record Preserved

PRF-26-003917

Published 14 Aug 2026
Locked 21 Jul 2026 · Version 1

Addendum New information attached

PRF-26-003917

Published 14 Aug 2026 · Version 1

Addendum 01 · 18 Sep 2026

Yield monitor calibration information added.

Exceptional removal Content removed

PRF-26-003917

Published record removed. This record was removed following a legal requirement. Ledger ID retained.
Removal recorded: 03 Dec 2026

Removing content does not erase the fact that the record existed.

Privacy and redaction

A Proof Record can contain information that should never need to become public.

Farm and field names, exact locations, personal details, raw files and other sensitive information can remain private while the record is still used for an authorised purpose. When a public view is created, Proof shows only the information permitted for publication. Sensitive fields are removed or generalised, while the useful evidence and context remain.

The private source record and the public view are separate. Publishing a redacted view does not publish the underlying record.

Private source recordPrivate
  • Long Meadow Removed
  • Green Farm Removed
  • 52.XXXX, -1.XXXX Generalised
  • Exact field boundary Removed
  • Agronomist name Removed
  • Raw machinery file Restricted
  • Detailed soil results Generalised
  • Observation · Action · Outcome · Evidence Published
Public view
  • West Midlands
  • Winter wheat
  • Clay loam · pH 6.6
  • Drilled October 2026
  • Observation
  • Action
  • Outcome
  • Published evidence · Limitations
RemovedThe exact field name disappears.
GeneralisedExact coordinates become a region.
RestrictedA raw machinery file stays attached to the private record but does not move into the public view.
PublishedPermitted agronomic information moves across unchanged.
Private by default
Farm identityField nameExact boundariesGPS coordinatesPersonal informationRaw source filesCommercially sensitive informationUnauthorised contributor identities

Not everything needs to be private forever. The point is that publication is deliberate.

Proof does not make a private record public. It creates a separate permitted view from it.

Frequently asked questions

Who controls a Proof Record?

The farm controls how its private record can be used. Permissions are given for defined purposes and can be changed for future use.

Does a Proof Record need to be complete?

No. Proof records the information that exists. Some records may be highly detailed, while historic or older records may contain much less. Missing information remains visible rather than being filled in.

Does Proof make farm records public?

No. A private Proof Record is not automatically published. A separate redacted public view can only be created where permission has been given.

Does Proof verify that what happened was true?

Proof verifies things such as contributor identity, authority, provenance, permissions, record history and integrity. It does not certify that an agronomic decision was correct, that a product worked, or that one event caused another.

What happens when records are used together?

Proof identifies records that are relevant to the question being asked and brings the permitted data together. The individual private farm records are not handed over.

What happens if a published record needs correcting?

The original published record is not silently changed. Corrections and new information are added through an addendum so the history remains visible.

If you would like to talk about Proof, get in touch.

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